References (Continued, Page 4)

Mukherjee, S., Sackeim, H. A., & Schnur, D. B. (1994). Electroconvulsive therapy of acute manic episodes: A review of 50 years' experience. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 169–176.

Munoz, R. F., Hollon, S. D., McGrath, E., Rehm, L. P., & VandenBos, G. R. (1994). On the AHRQ depression in primary care guidelines. Further considerations for practitioners. American Psychologist, 49, 42–61.

Munoz, R. F., Ying, Y. W., Bernal, G., Perez-Stable, E. J., Sorensen, J. L., Hargreaves, W. A., Miranda, J., & Miller, L. S. (1995). Prevention of depression with primary care patients: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23, 199–222.

Murray, C. J., & Lopez, A. D. (1996). Evidence-based health policy—lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Science, 274, 740–743.

Murray, P. (1996). Recovery, Inc., as an adjunct to treatment in an era of managed care. Psychiatric Services, 47, 1378–1381.

Murray, R. M., Jones, P., O'Callaghan, E., Takei, N., & Sham, P. (1992). Genes, viruses and neurodevelopmental schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 26, 225–235.

Murray, R. M., & Lewis, S. W. (1987). Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder? British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.), 295, 681–682.

Myers, E. D., & Branthwaite, A. (1992). Out-patient compliance with antidepressant medication. British Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 83–86.

Myhrman, A., Rantakallio, P., Isohanni, M., Jones, P., & Partanen, U. (1996). Unwantedness of a pregnancy and schizophrenia in the child. British Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 637–640.

Nakamura, M., Inoue, A., Hemmi, H., & Suzuki, J. (1995). Positive associations between dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism and schizophrenia. A study on two schizophrenic groups with loading and unloading. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B-Physical and Biological Sciences, 71, 214–243.

Narrow, W. E., Regier, D. A., Rae, D. S., Manderscheid, R. W., & Locke, B. Z. (1993). Use of services by persons with mental and addictive disorders. Findings from the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area program. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 95–107.

Nathan, P. J. (1999). The experimental and clinical pharmacology of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Molecular Psychiatry, 4, 333–388.

National Institute of Mental Health. (1998). Genetics and mental disorders: Report of the National Institute of Mental Health's genetics workgroup. Rockville, MD: Author.

National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. (1992). Strategies to secure and maintain employment for people with long-term mental illness. Washington, DC: Author.

National Institutes of Health, & National Institute of Mental Health. (1985). Consensus conference. Electroconvulsive therapy. Journal of the American Medical Association, 254, 2103–2108.

National Resource Center on Homelessness and Mental Illness. (1989). Self-help programs for people who are homeless and mentally ill. Delmar, NY: Policy Research Associates.

Nazroo, J. Y., Edwards, A. C., & Brown, G. W. (1997). Gender differences in the onset of depression following a shared life event: A study of couples. Psychological Medicine, 27, 9–19.

Neborsky, R., Janowsky, D., Munson, E., & Depry, D. (1981). Rapid treatment of acute psychotic symptoms with high- and low-dose haloperidol. Behavioral considerations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 195–199.

Nelson, G., Hall, G. B., & Walsh-Bowers, R. (1998). The relationship between housing characteristics, emotional well-being and the personal empowerment of psychiatric consumer/survivors. Community Mental Health, 34, 57–69.

Nelson, J. C. (1994). Are the SSRI's really better tolerated than the TCA's for treatment of major depression? Psychiatric Annals, 24, 628–631.

Nemeroff, C. B. (1992). New vistas in neuropeptide research in neuropsychiatry: Focus on corticotropin-releasing factor. Neuropsychopharmacology, 6, 69–75.

Nemeroff, C. B. (1998). Psychopharmacology of affective disorders in the 21st century. Biological Psychiatry, 44, 517–525.

Newman, S. J., Reschovsky, J. D., Kaneda, K., & Hendrick, A. M. (1994). The effects of independent living on persons with chronic mental illness: An assessment of the Section 8 certificate program. Milbank Quarterly, 72, 171–198.

Nierenberg, A. A., Feighner, J. P., Rudolph, R., Cole, J. O., & Sullivan, J. (1994). Venlafaxine for treatment-resistant unipolar depression. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 14, 419–423.

Nierenberg, A. A., McLean, N. E., Alpert, J. E., Worthington, J. J., Rosenbaum, J. F., & Fava, M. (1995). Early nonresponse to fluoxetine as a predictor of poor 8-week outcome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 1500–1503.

Nierenberg, A. A., & White, K. (1990). What next? A review of pharmacologic strategies for treatment resistant depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 26, 429–460.

Nikkel, R. E., Smith, G., & Edwards, D. (1992). A consumer-operated case management project. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 43, 577–579.

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J., & Grayson, C. (in press). Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

Noordsy, D. L., Schwab, B., Fox, L., & Drake, R. E. (1996). The role of self-help programs in the rehabilitation of persons with severe mental illness and substance use disorders. Community Mental Health Journal, 32, 71–81.

Nopoulos, P., Flaum, M., & Andreasen, N. C. (1997). Sex differences in brain morphology in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 1648–1654.

Norman, R. M., & Malla, A. K. (1995). Prodromal symptoms of relapse in schizophrenia: A review. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 527–539.

Nowotny, B., Hafner, H. & Loffler, W. (1996). [How the onset of schizophrenia breaks into the social development]. Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie-Forschung Und Praxis, 25, 208–220.

Nuechterlein, K. H., Dawson, M. E., Ventura, J., Gitlin, M., Subotnik, K. L., Snyder, K. S., Mintz, J., & Bartzokis, G. (1994). The vulnerability/stress model of schizophrenic relapse: A longitudinal study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 382, 58–64.

Nutt, D. J., Bell, C. J., & Malizia, A. L. (1998). Brain mechanisms of social anxiety disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl. 17), 4–11.

Olfson, M., & Klerman G. L. (1992). The treatment of depression: Prescribing practices of primary care physicians and psychiatrists. Journal of Family Practice, 35, 627–635.

Olfson, M., & Klerman, G. L. (1993). Trends in the prescription of antidepressants by office-based psychiatrists. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 571–577.

Olie, J. P., & Bayle, F. J. (1997). [New chemotherapy approaches to psychoses]. Encephale, 23, 2–9.

Onstad, S., Skre, I., Torgersen, S., & Kringlen, E. (1991). Subtypes of schizophrenia—evidence from a twin-family study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 84, 203–206.

Owen, C., Rutherford, V., Jones, M., Wright, C., Tennant, C., & Smallman, A. (1996). Housing accommodation preferences of people with psychiatric disabilities. Psychiatric Services, 47, 628–632.

Pande, A. C., & Sayler, M. E. (1993). Severity of depression and response to fluoxetine. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 8, 243–245.

Patterson, T. L., Klapow, J. C., Eastham, J. H., Heaton, R. K., Evans, J. D., Koch, W. L., & Jeste, D. V. (1998). Correlates of functional status in older patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 80, 41–52.

Patterson, T. L., Semple, S. J., Shaw, W. S., Halpain, M., Moscona, S., Grant, I., & Jeste, D. V. (1997). Self-reported social functioning among older patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 27, 199–210.

Pearlstein, T., Rosen, K., & Stone, A. B. (1997). Mood disorders and menopause. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 26, 279–294.

Peet, M. (1994). Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 549–550.

Penn, D. L., & Mueser, K. T. (1996). Research update on the psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 607–617.

Peralta, V., & Cuesta, M. J. (1998). Factor structure and clinical validity of completing models of positive symptoms in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 44, 107–114.

Perry, P. J., Sanger, T., & Beasley, C. (1997). Olanzapine plasma concentrations and clinical response in acutely ill schizophrenic patients. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 17, 472–477.

Persons, J. B., Thase, M. E., & Crits-Christoph, P. (1996). The role of psychotherapy in the treatment of depression: Review of two practice guidelines. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 283–290.

Peselow, E. D., Filippi, A. M., Goodnick, P., Barouche, F., & Fieve, R. R. (1989). The short- and long-term efficacy of paroxetine HCl: B. Data from a double-blind crossover study and from a year-long term trial vs. imipramine and placebo. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 25, 272–276.

Phelan, J. C., Bromet, E., & Link, B. (1998). Psychiatric illness and family stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 115–126.

Phillips, K. A. (1991). Body dysmorphic disorder: The distress of imagined ugliness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 1138–1149.

Pitman, R. K., Green, R. C., Jenike, M. A., & Mesulam, M. M. (1987). Clinical comparison of Tourette's disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1166–1171.

Placidi, G. F., Lenzi, A., Lazzerini, F., Cassano, G. B., & Akiskal, H. S. (1986). The comparative efficacy and safety of carbamazepine versus lithium: A randomized, double-blind 3-year trial in 83 patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 47, 490–494.

Pearce, J., Hawton, K., & Blake, F. (1995). Psychological and sexual symptoms associated with the menopause and the effects of hormone replacement therapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 163–173.

Pearlstein, T., Rosen, K., & Stone, A. B. (1997). Mood disorders and menopause. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 26, 279–294.

Plotsky (Eds.), Psychopharmacology: The fourth generation of progress (pp. 971–981). New York: Raven Press.

Polak, P., & Warner, R. (1996). The economic life of seriously mentally ill people in the community. Psychiatric Services, 47, 270–274.

Polusny, M. A., & Follette, V. M. (1995). Long-term correlates of child sexual abuse: Theory and review of empirical literature. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 4, 143–166.

Portin, P., & Alanen, Y. O. (1997). A critical review of genetic studies of schizophrenia. II. Molecular genetic studies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 95, 73–80.

Portin, P., & Alanen, Y. O. (1998). Perinatal complications, genetic risk and schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 97, 382–383.

Post, R. M. (1990). Non-lithium treatment for bipolar disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 51(Suppl.), 9–16.

Post, R. M. (1992). Transduction of psychosocial stress into the neurobiology of recurrent affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 999–1010.

Post, R. M., Leverich, G. S., Altshuler, L., & Mikalauskas, K. (1992). Lithium-discontinuation-induced refractoriness: Preliminary observations. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1727–1729.

Potter, W. Z., & Rudorfer, M. V. (1993). Electroconvulsive therapy—a modern medical procedure [editorial]. New England Journal of Medicine, 328, 882–883.

Potter, W. Z., Rudorfer, M. V., & Manji, H. (1991). The pharmacologic treatment of depression. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 633–642.

Powell, T. J. (Ed.). (1994). Understanding the self-help organization: Frameworks and findings. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Preskorn, S. H. (1995). Comparison of the tolerability of bupropion, fluoxetine, imipramine, nefazodone, paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56(Suppl. 6), 12–21.

Preskorn, S. H., & Burke, M. (1992). Somatic therapy for major depressive disorder: Selection of an antidepressant. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 53(Suppl.), 5–18.

Preti, A., Miotto, P., & Zen, T. (1998). Perinatal complications, genetic risk and schizophrenia [Letter]. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 97, 381–383.

Priebe, S., Warner, R., Hubschmid, T., & Eckle, I. (1998). Employment, attitudes toward work, and quality of life among people with schizophrenia in three countries. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 469–477.

Prien, R. F., & Kocsis, J. H. (1995). Long-term treatment of mood disorders. In F. E. Bloom & D. J. Kupfer (Eds.), Psychopharmacology: The fourth generation of progress (pp. 1067–1079). New York: Raven Press.

Prien, R. F., & Kupfer, D. J. (1986). Continuation drug therapy for major depressive episodes: How long should it be maintained? American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 18–23.

Prien, R. F., Kupfer, D. J., Mansky, P. A., Small, J. G., Tuason, V. B., Voss, C. B., & Johnson, W. E. (1984). Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Report of the NIMH Collaborative Study Group comparing lithium carbonate, imipramine, and a lithium carbonate–imipramine combination. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 1096–1104.

Quitkin, F. M., McGrath, P. J., Stewart, J. W., Ocepek-Welikson, K., Taylor, B. P., Nunes, E., Deliyannides, D., Agosti, V., Donovan, S. J., Petkova, E., & Klein, D. F. (1996). Chronological milestones to guide drug change. When should clinicians switch antidepressants? Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 785–792.

Quitkin, F. M., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., Nunes, E., Ocepek-Welikson, K., Tricamo, E., Rabkin, J. G., Ross, D., & Klein, D. F. (1993a). Loss of drug effects during continuation therapy. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 562–565.

Quitkin, F. M., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., Tricamo, E., Rabkin, J. G., Ocepek-Welikson, K., Nunes, E., Harrison, W., & Klein, D. F. (1993b). Columbia atypical depression. A subgroup of depressives with better response to MAOI than to tricyclic antidepressants or placebo. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement 21, 30–34.

Rabins, P. V., Black, B., German, P., Roca, R., McGuire, M., Brant, L., & Cook, J. (1996). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in elderly residents of public housing. Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 51, M319–M324.

Ramirez, L. F. (1996). Ethnicity and psychopharmacology in Latin America. Mt. Sinai Journal of Medicine, 63, 330–331.

Randolph, F., Blasinsky, M., Leginski, W., Parker, L. B., & Goldman, H. H. (1997). Creating integrated service systems for homeless persons with mental illness: The ACCESS Program. Access to community care and effective services and supports. Psychiatric Services, 48, 369–373.

Rantakallio, P., Jones, P., Moring, J., & Von Wendt, L. (1997). Association between central nervous system infections during childhood and adult onset schizophrenia and other psychoses: A 28-year follow-up. International Journal of Epidemiology, 26, 837–843.

Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Alpert, N. M., Miguel, E. C., Baer, L., Breiter, H. C., Fischman, A. J., Manzo, P. A., Moretti, C., & Jenike, M. A. (1995). A positron emission tomographic study of simple phobic symptom provocation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 20–28.

Regier, D. A., Farmer, M. E., Rae, D. S., Locke, B. Z., Keith, S. J., Judd, L. L., & Goodwin, F. K. (1990). Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 264, 2511–2518.

Regier, D. A., Hirschfeld, R. M., Goodwin, F. K., Burke, J. D., Jr., Lazar, J. B., & Judd, L. L. (1988). The NIMH Depression Awareness, Recognition, and Treatment Program: Structure, aims, and scientific basis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1351–1357.

Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Rae, D. S., Manderscheid, R. W., Locke, B. Z., & Goodwin, F. K. (1993). The de facto US mental and addictive disorders service system. Epidemiologic Catchment Area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 85–94.

Regier, D. A., Rae, D. S., Narrow, W. E., Kaelber, C. T., & Schatzberg, A. F. (1998). Prevalence of anxiety disorders and their comorbidity with mood and addictive disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry. Supplement, 34, 24–28.

Reidy, D. E. (1993). Stigma is social death: Mental health consumers/survivors talk about stigma in their lives. Unpublished manuscript. Education for Community Initiatives, 187 High Street, Suite 303, Holyoke, MA 01040; (413)533–3584.

Ribeyre, J. M., & Dollfus, S. (1996). [Stability of positive/negative symptoms in schizophrenia.] Encephale, 22, 29–31.

Ridgely, M. S., Goldman, H. H., & Willenbring, M. (1990). Barriers to the care of persons with dual diagnoses: Organizational and financing issues. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 123–132.

Ridgely, M., Morrissey, J., Paulson, R., Goldman, H., & Calloway, M. (1996). Characteristics and activities of case managers in the RWJ Foundation Program on chronic mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 47, 737–743.

Rifkin, A., Doddi, S., Karajgi, B., Borenstein, M., & Wachspress, M. (1991). Dosage of haloperidol for schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 166–170.

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (1990). Public attitudes toward people with chronic mental illnesses. Boston: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic Mental Illnesses.

Robins, L. N., & Regier, D. A. (1991). Psychiatric disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. New York: Free Press.

Rogan, M. T., & LeDoux, J. E. (1996). Emotion: Systems, cells, synaptic plasticity. Cell, 85, 469–475.

Roose, S. P., Glassman, A. H., Attia, E., & Woodring, S. (1994). Comparative efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclics in the treatment of melancholia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1735–1739.

Roper Organization. (1986). Roper report. New York: Author.

Rosenbach, M. L., Hermann, R. C., & Dorwart, R. A. (1997). Use of electroconvulsive therapy in the Medicare population between 1987 and 1992. Psychiatric Services, 48, 1537–1542.

Rosenheck, R. A. (1999). Principles for priority setting in mental health services and their implications for the least well off. Psychiatric Services, 50, 653–658.

Rosenheck, R., Cramer, J., Allan, E., Erdos, J., Frisman, L. K., Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson, W., & Charney, D. (1999). Cost-effectiveness of clozapine in patients with high and low levels of hospital use. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine in Refractory Schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 565–572.

Rosenheck, R., Cramer, J., Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson, W., Frisman, L., Fye, C., & Charney, D. (1997). A comparison of clozapine and haloperidol in hospitalized patients with refractory schizophrenia. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine in Refractory Schizophrenia. New England Journal of Medicine, 337, 809–815.

Rosenheck, R., Morrissey, J., Lan, J., Calloway, M., Johnsen, M., Goldman, H., Randolph, F., Blasinsky, M., Fontana, A., Calsyn, R., & Teague, G. (1998a). Service system integration, access to services, and housing outcomes in a program for homeless persons with severe mental illness. American Journal of Public Health, 88, 1610–1615.

Rosenheck, R., Tekell, J., Peters, J., Cramer, J., Fontana, A., Xu, W., Thomas, J., Henderson, W., & Charney, D. (1998b). Does participation in psychosocial treatment augment the benefit of clozapine? Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine in Refractory Schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 618–625.

Rosnow, M., & Rucker, P. (1985). Listening to the homeless: A study of homeless mentally ill people in Milwaukee. Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Office of Mental Health.

Rost, K., Smith, G., Mathews, D., & Guise, B. (1994). The deliberate misdiagnosis of major depression in primary care. Archives of Family Medicine, 3, 333–337.

Rothbart, M. K., & Ahadi, S. A. (1994). Temperament and the development of personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 55–66.

Rowland, R. R., Gilliland, C., & Moxley, D. P. (1993). A consumer-initiated job search training program. Journal of Rehabilitation, 59, 61–66.

Roy, M. A., & DeVriendt, X. (1994). [Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A current overview]. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 39, 407–414.

Rudorfer, M. V., Henry, M. E., & Sackheim, H. A. (1997). Electroconvulsive therapy. In A. Tasman, J. Kay, & J. A. Lieberman (Eds.), Psychiatry (pp. 1535–1556). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Ruiz, S., Chu, P., Sramek, J., Rotavu, E., & Herrera, J. (1996). Neuroleptic dosing in Asian and Hispanic outpatients with schizophrenia. Mt. Sinai Journal of Medicine, 63, 306–309.

Rush, A. J., Stewart, R. S., Garver, D. L., & Waller, D. A. (1998). Neurobiological bases for psychiatric disorders. In R. N. Rosenberb & D. E. Pleasure (Eds.), Comprehensive neurology (2nd ed., pp. 555–603). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Russo, J., Vitaliano, P. P., Brewer, D. D., Katon, W., & Becker, J. (1995). Psychiatric disorders in spouse caregivers of care recipients with Alzheimer's disease and matched controls: A diathesis-stress model of psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 197–204.

Ryglewicz, H., & Glynn, L. (1993). Project change revisited: An experiment in entry or reentry into college. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 69–81.

Sachs, G. S., Lafer, B., Stoll, A. L., Banov, M., Thibault, A. B., Tohen, M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1994). A double-blind trial of bupropion versus desipramine for bipolar depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55, 391–393.

Sackeim, H. A. (1994). Continuation therapy following ECT: Directions for future research. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 30, 501–521.

Sackeim, H. A., Prudic, J., Devanand, D. P., Kiersky, J. E., Fitzsimons, L., Moody, B. J., McElhiney, M. C., Coleman, E. A., & Settembrino, J. M. (1993). Effects of stimulus intensity and electrode placement on the efficacy and cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 328, 839–846.

Salzman, C. (1998). St. John’s wort. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 5, 333–335.

Sapolsky, R. M. (1996). Stress, glucocorticoids, and damage to the nervous system: The current state of confusion. Stress, 1, 1–19.

Saraceno, B., & Barbui, C. (1997). Poverty and mental illness. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 285–290.

Sautter, F. J., McDermott, B. E., Cornwell, J., Johnson, J., Borges, A., Wilson, A. F., Vasterling, J. J., & Foundas, A. L. (1995). A preliminary study of the neuropsychological heterogeneity of familial schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 18, 1–7.

Schatzberg, A. F., & Rothschild, A. J. (1992). Psychotic (delusional) major depression: Should it be included as a distinct syndrome in DSM-IV? American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 733–745.

Scheid, T. L. (1998). The Americans With Disabilities Act, mental disability, and employment practices. Journal of Behavioral Health Services Research, 25, 312–324.

Schone, W., & Ludwig, M. (1993). A double-blind study of paroxetine compared with fluoxetine in geriatric patients with major depression. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 13, 34S–39S.

Schou, M. (1989). Lithium prophylaxis: Myths and realities. American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 573–576.

Schulberg, H. C., Madonia M., Block M., Coulehan, J. L., Scott, C. P., Rodriguez, E., & Black, A. (1995). Major depression in primary care practice: Clinical characteristics and treatment implications. Psychosomatics, 36, 129–137.

Schultz, S. K., Miller, D. D., Oliver, S. E., Arndt, S., Flaum, M., & Andreasen, N. C. (1997). The life course of schizophrenia: Age and symptom dimensions. Schizophrenia Research, 23, 15–23.

Schutt, R. K., & Goldfinger, S. M. (1996). Housing preferences and perceptions of health and functioning among homeless mentally ill persons. Psychiatric Services, 47, 381–386.

Schwarzkopf, S. B., Nasrallah, H. A., Olson, S. C., Bogerts, B., McLaughlin, J. A., & Mitra, T. (1991). Family history and brain morphology in schizophrenia: An MRI study. Psychiatry Research, 40, 49–60.

Scott J. (1992). Chronic depression: Can cognitive therapy succeed when other treatments fail? Behavioral Psychotherapy, 20, 25–36.

Scott, J., & Dixon, L. (1995a). Psychological interventions for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 621–630.

Scott, J. E., & Dixon, L. B. (1995b). Assertive Community Treatment and case management for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21, 657–668.

Sederer, L. I., & Dickey, B. (1995). Acute and chronic psychiatric care: Establishing boundaries. Psychiatric Quarterly, 66, 263–274.

Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect.

Seilheimer, T. A., & Doyal, G. T. (1996). Self-efficacy and consumer satisfaction with housing. Community Mental Health Journal, 32, 549–559.

Selemon, L. D., Rajkowska, G., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1998). Elevated neuronal density in prefrontal area 46 in brains from schizophrenic patients: Application of a three-dimensional, stereologic counting method. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 392, 402–412.

Seligman, M. E. (1991). Learned optimism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Seligman, M. E. (1995). The effectiveness of psychotherapy. The Consumer Reports study. American Psychologist, 50, 965–974.

Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw- Hill.

Serretti, A., Macciardi, F., Cusin, C., Lattuada, E., Lilli, R., & Smeraldi, E. (1998). Dopamine receptor D4 gene is associated with delusional symptomatology in mood disorders. Psychiatry Research, 80, 129–136.

Shapiro, D. R., Quitkin, F. M., & Fleiss, J. L. (1989). Response to maintenance therapy in bipolar illness. Effect of index episode. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 401–405.

Shear, M. K. (1995). Psychotherapeutic issues in long-term treatment of anxiety disorder patients. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 18, 885–894.

Sheehan, D. V., Ballenger, J., & Jacobsen, G. (1980). Treatment of endogenous anxiety with phobic, hysterical, and hypochondriacal symptoms. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 51–59.

Sheline, Y. I. (1996). Hippocampal atrophy in major depression: A result of depression-induced neurotoxicity? Molecular Psychiatry, 1, 298–299.

Shenton, M. E., Kikinis, R., Jolesz, F. A., Pollak, S. D., LeMay, M., Wible, C. G., Hokama, H., Martin, J., Metcalf, D., Coleman, M., & McCarley, R. W. (1992). Abnormalities of the left temporal lobe and thought disorder in schizophrenia: A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. New England Journal of Medicine, 327, 604–612.

Shern, D., Wilson, N., Coen, D., Patrick, M., Foster, D., Bartsch, D., & Demmler, J. (1994). Client outcomes. II: Longitudinal data from the Colorado Treatment Outcomes study. Milbank Quarterly, 72, 123–148.

Shore, D. (1998). Recent developments in atypical antipsychotic medications. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 33.

Shore, M., & Cohen, M. (1990). The Robert Wood Johnson Program on chronic mental illness: An overview. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 1, 1212–1216.

Shore, M., & Cohen, M. (1994). Introduction. Milbank Quarterly, 72, 31–35.

Shrivastava, R. K., Cohn, C., Crowder, J., Davidson, J., Dunner, D., Feighner, J., Kiev, A., & Patrick, R. (1994). Long-term safety and clinical acceptability of venlafaxine and imipramine in outpatients with major depression. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 14, 322–329.

Simon, G. E., & Von Korff, M. (1995). Recognition, management, and outcomes of depression in primary care. Archives of Family Medicine, 4, 99–105.

Simon, G. E., VonKorff, M., Wagner, E. H., & Barlow, W. (1993). Patterns of antidepressant use in community practice. General Hospital Psychiatry, 15, 399–408.

Simons, A. D., Murphy, G. E., Levine, J. L., & Wetzel, R. D. (1986). Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy for depression. Sustained improvement over one year. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 43–48.

Sisley, A., Jacobs, L. M., Poole, G., Campbell, S., & Esposito, T. (1999). Violence in America: A public health crisis—domestic violence. Journal of Trauma, 46, 1105–1112.

Small, J. G., Klapper, M. H., Kellams, J. J., Miller, M. J., Milstein, V., Sharpley, P. H., & Small, I. F. (1988). Electroconvulsive treatment compared with lithium in the management of manic states. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 727–732.

Small, J. G., Klapper, M. H., Milstein, V., Kellams, J. J., Miller, M. J., Marhenke, J. D., & Small, I. F. (1991). Carbamazepine compared with lithium in the treatment of mania. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 915–921.

Smith, R. C., Chua, J. W., Lipetsker, B., & Bhattacharyya, A. (1996a). Efficacy of risperidone in reducing positive and negative symptoms in medication-refractory schizophrenia: An open prospective study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 57, 460–466.

Smith, T. E., Bellack, A. S., & Liberman, R. P. (1996b). Social skills training for schizophrenia: Review and future directions. Clinical Psychology Review, 16, 599–617.

Smoller, J. W., & Tsuang, M. T. (1998). Panic and phobic anxiety: Defining phenotypes for genetic studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1152–1162.

Snowden, L. R. (in press). African American service use for mental health problems. Journal of Community Psychology.

Snowden, L. R., & Cheung, F. A. (1990). Use of inpatient mental health services by members of ethnic minority groups. American Psychologist, 45, 347–355.

Sohng, S. S. (1996). Supported housing for the mentally ill elderly: Implementation and consumer choice. Community Mental Health Journal, 32, 135–148.

Solomon, D. A., Keitner, G. I., Miller, I. W., Shea, M. T., & Keller, M. B. (1995). Course of illness and maintenance treatments for patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56, 5–13.

Solomon, P., & Draine, J. (1995). The efficacy of a consumer case management team: 2-year outcomes of a randomized trial. Journal of Mental Health Administration, 22, 135–146.

Soumerai, S. B., McLaughlin, T. J., Ross-Degnan, D., Casteris, C. S., & Bollini, P. (1994). Effects of a limit on Medicaid drug-reimbursement benefits on the use of psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by patients with schizophrenia. New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 650–655.

---

Back to Top

Home | Contents | Previous | Next